The American Era

The Ameri suffer Era Historical Background * The Philippine revolutionists won against the Spaniards who colonized us for more than 300 years. * The Fil-Ameri come across war resulted in the beating of Gen. Miguel Malvar in 1903. * The American Rule was influenced by deuce factors 1. ) EDUCATION- many were prone a chance to study and side was map as the medium of instruction. 2. WRITERS- went through stages of information to acquire enough proficiency in the new language imitative of the drift and the subject matters of the American and European authors * Philippine writers went into all forms of literature similar news, reporting, poetry, stories, plays, essays, novels, and so forth Their writings clearly depicted their approve of country and their longings for independence. * Imitation soon faded, writers began to duty tour to native ideas and circumstances- inspiration for their writings. relocation Against the U. S. Colonialism * the printing puppy cheat was use d to block the American burnish from entering the Philippine life flare * Newspapers in our different dialects flourished all over the archipelago. * *Writers were given the chance to show and prove the straight talent of the Philippines * *Writers during these percentage point drew ideas from the Propaganda Movement and the Revolutionary Characteristics of belles-lettres During American regime Three groups of writers contributed to Philippine writings during this design. * writings in Spanish The inspiration of Filipino writers in Spanish was Rizal. * Rizals two novels (Noli and Fili) contained the best qualities of a novel always written, in side or in Filipino. * Those who were inspired to write in applause of Rizal were Cecilio Apostol, Fernando Ma. Guerrero, rescuer Balmori, Manuel Bernabe, Claro M. Recto, etc. Example by Manuel Bernabe Recodar Ay del alma que recuerde la quiebra que ha sufrido la ilusion la memoria es la fiera que nos muerde el pobre Corazon positi on translation To remember Poor head that recordsThe sufferings you chthonianwent in illusion Memory is the ignore that snared My poor heart. * Literature in Tagalog * Florante at Laura of Francisco Balagtas and Urbana at Felisa of Modesto de Castro became the inspiration of the Tagalog writers. * The advent of American point in time includes (1)Tagalog Drama (2)Tagalog pithy business relationship (3)Tagalog Poetry * Julian Cruz Balmaceda classified trey kinds of Tagalog poets. They were * Poet of the Heart (Makata ng Puso) * Poets of biography (Makata ng Buhay) * Poets of the Stage (Makata ng Tanghalan) * Literature in slope We can trace the beginnings of Philippine literature in face with the plan of attack of the Americans thus, this period is divided into three cadence frames, namely * The flowing of Re-orientation 1898-1910 * By 1900, English came to be used as a medium of instruction in the usual schools. From the American forces were recruited the low teachers of English. * By 1908, the primary election and intermediate grades were using English. It was also somewhat this time when UP, the forerunner in the use of English in higher education, was founded. Writers of this period were still adjusting to the newfound freedom later on the paralyzing effect of repression of thought and speech under the Spanish regime. * The Period of Imitation 1910-1925 * By 1919, the UP College Folio published the literary compositions of the first Filipino writers in English. They were the pioneers of in inadequate story writing. * They were then search their way into imitating American and British models which resulted in a stilted, artificial and unnatural style, lacking vitality and spontaneity. * Writers of this folio included Fernando Maramag, Juan F. Salazar, Jose M.Hernandez, Vicente del Fierro and Francisco Tonogbanua. * The Period of Self-Discovery 1925-1941 * By this time, Filipino writers had acquired the mastery of English writing. * They n ow confidently and competently wrote on a lot of subjects although the old-time favorites of love and youth persisted. * They went into all forms of writings ilk the novel and the drama. new(prenominal) Forms of Literature * Ilocano Literature * Pedro Bukaneg Father of Ilocano Literature. His name was derived from the account book Bukaneg sum Balagtasan. * Claro Caluya Prince of Ilocano Poets. Known as poet and novelist. Leon Pichay cognize as the best Bukanegero (from Bukaneg). Also a poet, novelist, short story writer, dramatist and essayist. * Literature of the Kapampangans (Pampango Literature) * Juan Crisostomo Soto (Father of Kapampangan Literature). The word CRISOTAN (meaning Balagtasan) in Tagalog is taken from his name. * Aurelio Tolentino He very proved his universe a Kapampangan in his translation of KAHAPON, NGAYON AT BUKAS into Kapampangan which he called NAPON, NGENI AT BUKAS. * Visayan Literature * Eribert Gumban (Father of Visayan Literature) He wrote a zarzue la, a moro-moro and a play in Visayan. Magdalena Jalandoni She devoted(p) her talent to the novel. She wrote ANG MGA TUNUK SAN ISA CA BULACLAC. LITERARY GENRES verse line * Written in 3 languges (Filipino, Spanish, English and in the different dialects) * Some known poets were Maximo KalawPaz Marquez Benitez Carlos P. RomuloMaria Agoncillo Carlos Bulosan Salvador P. Lopez * There were three collection of poems printed, namely * Filipino Poetry edited by Rodolfo Dato * The English German Anthology of Poets edited by Pablo Laslo * a pre-war collection by Carlos Bulosan ESSAYS Essays during this period improved with years in theatrical role and quantity, in content, in subject and style. * The noted writers of essay during this period were * Political, social ruminative essays * Critical essays * Personal or known essays * The notable writers of essay during this period were * 1940 Salvador P. Lopez Literature and Society * 1940 Camilo Osias The Filipino Way of Life * 1941 F. B. Icasiano (Mang Kiko) were reprints of the best of Icasianos essays in the sunlight Times Magazine under the chromatography column From My Nipa Hut. SHORT STORY Short stories in English of early Filipino fictionists are marked with American style * changed with the founding of the UP Writers Club (1926) whose stupefy was to enhance and propagate the language of Shakespeare * breathless Stars by Paz Marquez Benitez- was made the landmark of the adulthood of the Filipino writer in English * Many writers followed Benitez like Icasiano Calalang Manuel Arguilla Arturo Rotor * Paz Latorena *STARTED existenceation STORIES MANIFESTING SKILLS IN THEUSE OF THEFORIEGN LANGUAGE & AKEEN Philippine SENSIBILITY * The combination of the foreign language and the culture of a Filipino enabled fictionists to roduce corking literary works * The public can now relate to the story because the public also experiences what the story has to say and they can now understand the language being used b y the writer. Works like * His Native Soil by Juan C. Laya * How My sidekick Leon Brought Home a Wife by Manuel Arguilla * many other stories which depicted the Filipino life NOVEL * With the founding of the Philippine Writers League in 1936, Filipino writers began discussing the measure of literature in the society they lived in. * this move was led by Salvador P.Lopez whose works revolve about on proletarian literature * other novelists of this period are * Jose Garcia Villa * Francisco Arellana * Fernando Maria Guerrero * Amador Daguio * Sinai Hamada * Ilokano novelists * Leon Pichay * Hermogenes Belen * Mena Pecson Crisologo (whose minelaying wenno Ayat ti Kararwa is considered to be the Ilokano version of Noli Me Tangere) SARSWELA * During this period, SARSWELA GAINED POPULARITY * almost of the sarswelas if not all, are directed against he American imperialists. * Equally remarkable sarswelas durong the period are the works of * S foreverino Reyes Walang Sugat Patricio Ma riano Anak ng Dagat * Other noted sarswelitas * Aurelio Tolentino * Juan Abad * Juan Matapang Cruz * Juan Crisostomo Sotto BALAGTASAN * named after Francisco F. Balagtas * a regard in verse a policy-making joust * done almost ad lib between protagonists who debate over the pros and cons of a certain issue * The first ever Balagtasan was held on March 1924 at the Instituto de Mujeres, with Corazon de Jesus and Florentino Collantes as rivals. * Jose Corazon de Jesus as the first ever king of the Balagtasan.